Element 9 · Gas at room temperature
Fluorine
Fluorine is atom number 9 — every Fluorine atom has exactly 9 protons in its center, and that number is what makes it Fluorine and nothing else. Its symbol is F. At room temperature it is a gas.
Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. As the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive:almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine.
Summary from the source dataset, derived from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0) · original article
Fluorine sits in period 2, group 17 of the p-block. Its 9 electrons fill shells of 2, 7 — written as [He] 2s2 2p5. Its electronegativity is 3.98 on the Pauling scale, and pulling the first electron off takes 1681 kJ/mol. The outermost shell holds 7 electrons — the ones that do all the chemistry.
Full configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p5
Ionization energies (kJ/mol): 1681, 3374.2, 6050.4, 8407.7, 11022.7, 15164.1, 17868, 92038.1 … (9 published)
Electron affinity: 328.1649 kJ/mol · Electronegativity (Pauling):
3.98
Density: 1.696
g/L · melts 53.48 K · boils 85.03 K
Values exactly as published — see where the data comes from.
Atomic mass
18.9984031636u
Density
1.696g/L
Melts
53.48 K
Boils
85.03 K
The units on this page — explained by Unitii
Fluorine's family
Elements in the same column share their outer-electron count, so they behave alike.
Source
Discovered by André-Marie Ampère. Named by Humphry Davy.
Periodic-Table-JSON (Bowserinator and contributors); element summaries derived from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · snapshot retrieved 2026-08-21