Element 51 · Solid at room temperature
Antimony
Looks like: silvery lustrous gray.
Antimony is atom number 51 — every Antimony atom has exactly 51 protons in its center, and that number is what makes it Antimony and nothing else. Its symbol is Sb. At room temperature it is a solid.
Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from Latin:stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it is found in nature mainly as the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were used for cosmetics; metallic antimony was also known, but it was erroneously identified as lead upon its discovery.
Summary from the source dataset, derived from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0) · original article
Antimony sits in period 5, group 15 of the p-block. Its 51 electrons fill shells of 2, 8, 18, 18, 5 — written as [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3. Its electronegativity is 2.05 on the Pauling scale, and pulling the first electron off takes 834 kJ/mol. The outermost shell holds 5 electrons — the ones that do all the chemistry.
Full configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p3
Ionization energies (kJ/mol): 834, 1594.9, 2440, 4260, 5400, 10400
Electron affinity: 101.059 kJ/mol · Electronegativity (Pauling):
2.05
Density: 6.697
g/cm³ · melts 903.78 K · boils 1908 K
Values exactly as published — see where the data comes from.
Atomic mass
121.7601u
Density
6.697g/cm³
Melts
903.78 K
Boils
1908 K
The units on this page — explained by Unitii
Antimony's family
Elements in the same column share their outer-electron count, so they behave alike.
Source
Discovered by unknown, before 3000 BC.
Periodic-Table-JSON (Bowserinator and contributors); element summaries derived from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · snapshot retrieved 2026-08-21