Element 83 · Solid at room temperature
Bismuth
Looks like: lustrous silver.
Bismuth is atom number 83 — every Bismuth atom has exactly 83 protons in its center, and that number is what makes it Bismuth and nothing else. Its symbol is Bi. At room temperature it is a solid.
Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83. Bismuth, a pentavalent post-transition metal, chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth may occur naturally, although its sulfide and oxide form important commercial ores.
Summary from the source dataset, derived from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0) · original article
Bismuth sits in period 6, group 15 of the p-block. Its 83 electrons fill shells of 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 — written as [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3. Its electronegativity is 2.02 on the Pauling scale, and pulling the first electron off takes 703 kJ/mol. The outermost shell holds 5 electrons — the ones that do all the chemistry.
Full configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3
Ionization energies (kJ/mol): 703, 1610, 2466, 4370, 5400, 8520
Electron affinity: 90.924 kJ/mol · Electronegativity (Pauling):
2.02
Density: 9.78
g/cm³ · melts 544.7 K · boils 1837 K
Values exactly as published — see where the data comes from.
Atomic mass
208.980401u
Density
9.78g/cm³
Melts
544.7 K
Boils
1837 K
The units on this page — explained by Unitii
Bismuth's family
Elements in the same column share their outer-electron count, so they behave alike.
Source
Discovered by Claude François Geoffroy.
Periodic-Table-JSON (Bowserinator and contributors); element summaries derived from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · snapshot retrieved 2026-08-21